Astudyofmorethanfivemillionbooksbothfictionandnon-fictionhasfoundamarkeddeclineintheuseofemotionalwordsovertime.TheresearchersfromtheUniversityofBristolusedGoogleNgramViewerafacilityforfindingthefrequencyoftermsinscannedbookstosearchformorethan600particularwordsidentifiedasrepresentingangerdislikefearjoysadnessandsurprise.
Theyfoundthatalmostallofthecategories(类别)showedadropinthese“moodwords”overtime.Onlyinthecategoryoffearwasthereanincreaseinusage.
“Itisasteadyandcontinuousdecrease”saidDr.AlbertoAcerbi.Heassumedthattheresultmightbeexplainedbyachangeinthepositionoccupiedbyliteratureinacrowdedmedialandscape.“Onethingcouldbethatinparalleltobooksthe20thcenturysawthestartofothermedia.Maybethesemedia-moviesradiodrama-hasmoreemotionalcontentthanbooks.”
AlthoughbothjoyandsadnessfollowedthegeneraldownwardstrendtheresearchpublishedinthejournalPLOSOnefoundthattheyalsoexhibitedanotherinterestingbehaviour:theratio(比赛)betweenthetwovariedgreatlyapparentlymirroringhistoricalevents.
DuringtheRoaringTwentiesthejoy-to-sadnessratioreachedapeakthatwouldnotoccuragainuntilbeforetherecentfinancialcrash.ButtheratioplungedattheheightoftheSecondWorldWar.Neverthelesstheresearchersheldareservedopinionabouttheirclaimthattheirresultreflectedwidersocialtrade.Inthepapertheyevenprovethatthereversecouldbetrue.
“Ithasbeensuggestedforexamplethatitwassuppression(压抑)ofdesireinordinaryElizabethanEnglishlifethatincreaseddemandforwriting‘filledwithromanceandsex’…perhaps”theyconclude“songsandbooksmaynotreflecttherealpopulationanymorethancatwalkmodelsreflecttheaveragebody.”
(Note:AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementinNOMORETHANTENWORDS.)
81.Astudyofmorethanfivemillionbooksindicatedadeclinein“moodwords”overtimeexcept____________.
82.AccordingtoDr.AlbertoAcerbionereasonforthedropof“moodwords”inbooksmaybethat__________.
83.Whatwerethetwoperiodswhenthejoy-to-sadnessratiowasatitshighest?
84.Whiletheresearchersfounds